Europa, one of Jupiter's moons, is thought to harbor a global subsurface saltwater ocean beneath its icy shell holding roughly twice the volume of all of Earth's oceans combined, based on gravity, magnetic, and geological data from the Galileo and Juno missions. Ganymede and Enceladus are also thought to hold large subsurface oceans, but Europa's is the most extensively studied and is the primary target of NASA's Europa Clipper mission, launched in 2024. Exact volume estimates remain modeled rather than directly measured, since no mission has yet sampled the ocean itself.
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Europa, one of Jupiter's moons, is thought to harbor a global subsurface saltwater ocean beneath its icy shell holding roughly twice the volume of all of Earth's oceans combined, based on gravity, magnetic, and geological data from the Galileo and Juno missions. Ganymede and Enceladus are also thought to hold large subsurface oceans, but Europa's is the most extensively studied and is the primary target of NASA's Europa Clipper mission, launched in 2024. Exact volume estimates remain modeled rather than directly measured, since no mission has yet sampled the ocean itself.
The largest volume of liquid water inferred to exist anywhere in the solar system outside Earth, expressed as a multiple of the total volume of Earth's oceans.
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Limits Registry. LR-LARGEST-LIQUID-WATER-RESERVOIR-SOLAR-SYSTEM. Largest known liquid-water reservoir in the solar system. 2026.