The 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora, Indonesia, reached VEI 7 ("super-colossal"), ejecting an estimated 150 km³ of material and killing an estimated 71,000–100,000 people directly and through subsequent famine. Its stratospheric ash caused 1816 to become known as the 'Year Without a Summer' across the Northern Hemisphere, with widespread crop failures in Europe and North America.
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The 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora, Indonesia, reached VEI 7 ("super-colossal"), ejecting an estimated 150 km³ of material and killing an estimated 71,000–100,000 people directly and through subsequent famine. Its stratospheric ash caused 1816 to become known as the 'Year Without a Summer' across the Northern Hemisphere, with widespread crop failures in Europe and North America.
The highest Volcanic Explosivity Index confirmed for any volcanic eruption during recorded human history.
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Permanent ID limitsregistry.com/limits/LR-TAMBORA-ERUPTION
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Limits Registry. LR-TAMBORA-ERUPTION. Most powerful volcanic eruption in recorded history. 2026.