NIST finalized its first post-quantum cryptography standards in August 2024, including FIPS 203 (ML-KEM, based on the CRYSTALS-Kyber algorithm). Its highest-security ML-KEM-1024 parameter set uses a 1,568-byte public key, standardized to resist attacks from both classical and future large-scale quantum computers, and is intended to be phased into use for key exchange ahead of the eventual arrival of cryptographically relevant quantum computers.
The question, scope, and sources behind this Registry record.
NIST finalized its first post-quantum cryptography standards in August 2024, including FIPS 203 (ML-KEM, based on the CRYSTALS-Kyber algorithm). Its highest-security ML-KEM-1024 parameter set uses a 1,568-byte public key, standardized to resist attacks from both classical and future large-scale quantum computers, and is intended to be phased into use for key exchange ahead of the eventual arrival of cryptographically relevant quantum computers.
The public-key size, in bytes, of the ML-KEM-1024 parameter set (NIST security category 5) within FIPS 203, the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology's standardized post-quantum module-lattice-based key-encapsulation mechanism.
Change a parameter to stress-test whether a proposed result is still inside the published specification. This is an audit aid, not a proof checker.
This record has no editable parameters. Read the formal question and assumptions before challenging it.
Current frontiers derived from accepted Claims.
An observed or demonstrated result; no opposing bound is implied.
The frontier is not sacred
Most progress starts with a disagreement that survives contact with evidence. If you can push the known lower bound up or pull the upper bound down, show us the work.
≥ when you have shown that at least this value is achievable.≤ when you have shown that anything above this value is impossible.No vibes. State the value, define the scope, and link the paper, proof, code, or reproduction that lets another person check it. Editors review every challenge before the public record changes.
Challenge this recordAssertions tied to evidence, attribution, and review.
The frontier as it changed over time.
Only accepted Claims matching the current specification contribute to the displayed bounds. Strict inequalities remain open; contradictory Claims require editorial review.
1 accepted Claim, with 1 linked evidence records.
Permanent ID limitsregistry.com/limits/LR-NIST-MLKEM-1024-KEY-SIZE
No active verified bounties are linked to this Limit.
View verified bounty tracker ↗No accepted machine-checked reproductions are recorded for this Limit.
Limits Registry. LR-NIST-MLKEM-1024-KEY-SIZE. Largest standardized post-quantum cryptographic key encapsulation parameter set. 2026.