Triphenylmethyl radical, discovered by Moses Gomberg in 1900, was the first stable free radical ever isolated, disproving the assumption that carbon must always be tetravalent; since then, radicals such as TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl) and various persistent aminoxyl and verdazyl radicals have been developed as bottle-stable, air-stable solids used routinely as reagents and spin labels, extending Gomberg's original discovery into practical, shelf-stable chemistry.
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Triphenylmethyl radical, discovered by Moses Gomberg in 1900, was the first stable free radical ever isolated, disproving the assumption that carbon must always be tetravalent; since then, radicals such as TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl) and various persistent aminoxyl and verdazyl radicals have been developed as bottle-stable, air-stable solids used routinely as reagents and spin labels, extending Gomberg's original discovery into practical, shelf-stable chemistry.
Among synthetic organic free radicals, the compounds recognized as the most kinetically and thermodynamically stable, isolable as solids and stable in air, tracing to the discovery of the first stable radical.
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Limits Registry. LR-MOST-STABLE-SYNTHETIC-RADICAL. Most stable isolable free radical. 2026.