Limits RegistryPUBLIC RECORD
Limits RegistryCommercial lithium-ion cells have reached gravimetric energy densities around 300 Wh kg⁻¹ at the cell level in selected product specifications.
The question, scope, and sources behind this Registry record.
Commercial lithium-ion cells have reached gravimetric energy densities around 300 Wh kg⁻¹ at the cell level in selected product specifications.
Compare rechargeable lithium-ion cells by delivered nominal energy divided by complete cell mass under the manufacturer’s stated test protocol.
Cell-level energy density includes electrodes, electrolyte, separator, current collectors, casing, and safety hardware. Values are therefore distinct from theoretical active-material capacity and depend strongly on cycle life, power rating, and safety requirements.
Materials science data and standards — Gravimetric energy-density frontier for lithium-ion cellsChange a parameter to stress-test whether a proposed result is still inside the published specification. This is an audit aid, not a proof checker.
Current frontiers derived from accepted Claims.
The frontier is not sacred
Most progress starts with a disagreement that survives contact with evidence. If you can push the known lower bound up or pull the upper bound down, show us the work.
≥ when you have shown that at least this value is achievable.≤ when you have shown that anything above this value is impossible.No vibes. State the value, define the scope, and link the paper, proof, code, or reproduction that lets another person check it. Editors review every challenge before the public record changes.
Challenge this recordAssertions tied to evidence, attribution, and review.
The frontier as it changed over time.
Only accepted Claims matching the current specification contribute to the displayed bounds. Strict inequalities remain open; contradictory Claims require editorial review.
Permanent ID limitsregistry.com/limits/LR-004204
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Limits Registry. LR-004204. Gravimetric energy-density frontier for lithium-ion cells. 2026.